Hurtworld v2 large ore deposits image4/11/2023 Vale’s iron ore production for 2013 at Carajas was 104.88 million metric tonnes, a decline of 1.8% from 2012. ![]() It also uses a deepwater port near the city of Sao Luis, in the north-east state of Maranhao, with a handling capacity of vessels of up to 280,000dwt, and a single-track 1.6m gauge railway line of approximately 890km interconnecting the mine and port. ![]() The operation uses an open-pit mining complex with an initial capacity of 35Mtpa, which is soon to be extended. The Carajás District contains 7.2 billion metric tonnes of proven and probable reserves as of 2009 estimates. The current production contains < 1% Al2O3, < 1% SiO2, < 0.03% P2O5 and < 0.3Mn, with 10% lump and 90% fines. East Ridge has 400Mt 65.9% Fe, while the South Felix Ridge has 600Mt 62.8% Fe. The other reserves include South Range, 35km to the south – 10,400Mt 66.3% Fe. The reserves are distributed in a number of deposit groups, with the largest being the North Range with 6,200Mt 65.8% Fe, 0.038% P, 1.0% SiO2, 1.05% Al2O3, 0.45% Mn, 0.01% S, 0.02% KO, 0.03% Na2O and 1.88% LOI. The Carajás District contains known reserves of the order of 18 billion tonnes with an average grade of 65.4% Fe. Hematite rich, but harder and more siliceous pods occur within the soft hematite, but also as a transition to the unenriched BIF at depth. The upper 80% of the reserve comprises a soft, friable enriched limonite near surface passing down into hematite to a vertical depth of around 300m. The volcanic sequence has been weathered to a depth of between 100m and 150m while oxidation is observed to a depth of up to 500m in the BIFs of the ore zone. The Carajás ores are found within Archaean iron formations. The licence supported the production plan for 20 at the mining complex. The company obtained the operating licence for the expansion of its N4WS mine pit at Cajaras in November 2014. The project was completed in the first half of 2010 and increased the capacity of the iron ore beneficiation plant by 10Mtpa. To compensate for the delay in the completion of Carajas 130 project, another 10Mtpa brownfield project was constructed in the northern range of Carajas. Originally scheduled for completion in the second half of 2009, the project was postponed. Significant investments in logistics were also made. The project was to include the construction of a new plant, including primary crushing, processing and classification units. In 2009, $798m was diverted towards the project. The $2.48bn project, Carajas 130, would add 30Mtpa to the current capacity of 100Mtpa. In 2007, Vale approved an expansion project of the Carajas mine. Vale produced 237.9Mt of iron ore at the Carajas Mine for 2009, against 301.7Mt in 2008.īrazil is currently the world’s largest exporter of iron ore with an annual production of more than 510Mt. US Steel subsequently withdrew from the joint venture in 1977 by selling its share to Companhia Vale do Rio Doce (CVRD) for $55m. In 1970, the Brazilian Government opted instead to create a joint venture company, Amazonias Mineração (AMZA), which 51% was owned by Vale and US Steel had 49%. US Steel initially wanted to develop the Carajás iron deposit alone, but the Brazilian Government was unwilling to hand control over to a foreign company. Carajás iron deposit and mine development ABB was awarded a $103m contract in September 2014 to install electrical and automation systems to help move rock and ore around the mine site more efficiently and safely using the truckless system. ![]() The mine implements a complete truckless transport operation and other automation systems in order to reduce emissions and fuel costs. Introducing the Excellence Awards & Rankings 2022. ![]() Non-Metallic Mineral Mining and Quarrying.
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